
Copernical Team
Image: Pure gold pin for space testing

Although this pure gold pin is not much bigger than the tip of a pencil, it is the "pulsing heart" of ESA's Low Earth Orbit Facility, LEOX. Part of the Agency's Materials and Electrical Components Laboratory, based at ESA's ESTEC technical center in the Netherlands, this test facility is vital for developing materials capable of withstanding the highly-erosive individual oxygen atoms prevailing at the top of the atmosphere, the result of standard oxygen molecules of the same kind found just above the ground being broken apart by powerful ultraviolet radiation from the sun.
All missions that orbit less than about 1,000 km above Earth's surface must be designed to resist atomic oxygen. To realistically simulate the low-Earth orbit environment, the LEOX atomic oxygen facility generates atomic oxygen traveling at 7.8 km/s.
Atomic oxygen is not easy to generate on Earth, because it is so reactive. This means that the materials used to make the simulator must be as robust as the materials flown in space. This sturdy gold pin is used to inject tiny pulses of oxygen gas molecules into a vacuum chamber, where the molecules are split into atoms using a powerful laser.
SpaceWorks RED-Rescue delivers goods key to survival in wartime

Madrid Flight On Chip project wraps up design process

No trace of dark matter halos

Astrophysicists observe one of the most powerful short gamma-ray bursts ever

A cosmic tango points to a violent and chaotic past for distant exoplanet

A molecule of light and matter

Perseid meteor shower peaks Aug. 12, but the full Moon may spoil the show

NASA's Perseverance cores 12th sample, team assessing rover's coring bit

One Hundred days of Minerva
